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Types of Curves

Scoliosis is an abnormal, sideways curve of the spine.

Scoliosis is pronounced like: skoh-lee-oh-sis

There are four different types of scoliosis curves. A normal spine should be straight.

Thoracic curve spine

Thoracic Curve

A curve of the spine in the upper body region.

Lumbar curve spine

Lumbar Curve

A curve of the spine in the lower body region.

Thoracolumbar curve spine

Thoracolumbar Curve

A single curve of the spine that bends in the upper and lower body region.

Scoliosis spine

Double Curve

Two curves of the spine that bend in the upper and lower body region.

Normal spine

Normal Spine

The spine should be a straight line when viewed from the back.

Reference: Scoliosis: Symptoms, Types & Treatments, Weill Cornell

How Scoliosis is Detected

Common signs of scoliosis by TSAP

Signs of scoliosis include:

1. One shoulder is lower than the other

2. One leg is shorter than the other

3. Wobble in walk

4. One side of the ribcage sticks out more

5. Spine does not feel straight

Reference: Scoliosis Symptoms, Mayo Clinic

Forward Bend Test

The forward bend test (FBT) is a way to test if someone has scoliosis.

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It is done mostly in elementary and middle schools.

Forward bend test by TSAP

normal              scoliosis

Reference: Scoliosis: Diagnosis and Treatment, Boston Children's Hospital

Scoliosis x-ray vector

X-Rays

If scoliosis is suspected based on the common signs or Forward Bend Test, an x-ray is taken to determine if a person does have scoliosis. 

Treatments for Scoliosis

When an x-ray is taken, an orthopedic doctor will measure the degree of curvature in the spine. 

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Treatment for scoliosis will depend on the degree of curvature.

Scoliosis x-ray vector
10-30 Degrees 

X-rays are taken about every 6 months to monitor for any curve progression. Physical therapy is also usually recommended.

Boston back brace by TSAP
30-50 Degrees

A back brace is usually prescribed. Types of back braces include Boston and Milwaukee. X-rays are taken to see if the brace helps lower the degree of spine curvature over time.

Fused spine x-ray vector
Over 50 Degrees

Spinal fusion surgery is typically recommended at this degree of curvature. The surgery involves placing rods on the spine to straighten it.

Reference: Scoliosis Treatment, UCSF Benioff Children's

Test Your Knowledge
What is scoliosis?
Which of the following is a common sign of scoliosis?
Which of the following correctly describes treatment for scoliosis?

Ready to teach others about scoliosis?

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